The archive

Georgian

ქართული

Eight consonants in a row

Its own family, its own alphabet, and clusters of consonants that other languages would break into syllables.

FamilyKartvelian › Georgian
ScriptGeorgian
Speakers4M 4M native · 300k second
Weeks to a working level44 Counted from English. It is the Foreign Service Institute's figure for someone starting from English and from nothing.
The first hundred words cover46.5% and the first thousand 68.7%
What sets it apart
  • Gvbrdgvnis is a real word. Eight consonants before you reach a vowel, and native speakers do not consider it hard.
  • The alphabet has no capital letters and no relation to any other script. Three historical versions of it are on the UNESCO heritage list.
  • The verb agrees with the subject and the object at once, and which one takes which ending changes depending on the tense.
  • No grammatical gender, and no articles.
  • Its family, Kartvelian, has four members and they are all spoken in and around Georgia. It is related to nothing else.
What it opens

An alphabet like vine tendrils, verbs that conjugate in four dimensions, and a wine culture eight thousand years old. Nothing about it resembles anything you know. The supra, a feast with a toastmaster and rules, is the best dinner format ever invented, and it runs entirely in Georgian.

Words with no translation

შემომეჭამა

she-mo-me-JA-mo

I accidentally ate the whole thing

Georgian grammar lets the verb take the blame.
The construction implies it happened to you rather than that you did it.

შემოგევლე

she-mo-GEV-le

May I circle around you: I would take your suffering onto myself.

Shemogevle: let me circle around you, taking your troubles onto myself. A Georgian endearment that offers to absorb someone's misfortune, said as easily as darling and meant more.

All the untranslatable words →