The archive

Malayalam

മലയാളം

A palindrome with a lot of consonants

A Dravidian language that split from Tamil around a thousand years ago and took a great deal of Sanskrit with it.

FamilyDravidian › Malayalam
ScriptMalayalam
Speakers37M 36M native · 1M second
Weeks to a working level44 Counted from English. It is the Foreign Service Institute's figure for someone starting from English and from nothing.
The first hundred words cover79.3% and the first thousand 94.3%
What sets it apart
  • The name is a palindrome in Latin letters, which is a coincidence and a good one.
  • It broke off from Tamil around the ninth century, and the two are still close but no longer mutually intelligible.
  • It has one of the largest sound inventories in India, with distinctions that Tamil merged.
  • Words agglutinate freely, so a sentence can arrive as one very long word.
  • Kerala, where it is spoken, has the highest literacy rate in India, and a publishing industry to match.
What it opens

A palindrome in English and a language of hundred-million-letter cinema in Kerala. Agglutinative, with a script of loops that looks like it was drawn in one line. Kerala's backwaters, a communist state with India's best literacy, and a film industry critics rank above Bollywood: all locals-only until you speak.

Next to its neighbours

Where Malayalam parts company with the languages closest to it, and what each one would cost you from here.

Malayalam vs Telugu → Malayalam vs Tamil →